{
  "dashboard": {
    "id": null,
    "title": "Database Performance",
    "tags": ["database", "performance"],
    "timezone": "Asia/Kuala_Lumpur",
    "panels": [
      {
        "id": 1,
        "title": "Database Connections",
        "type": "graph",
        "gridPos": {"h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 0, "y": 0},
        "targets": [
          {
            "expr": "pg_stat_database_numbackends",
            "legendFormat": "Active Connections"
          },
          {
            "expr": "pg_settings_max_connections",
            "legendFormat": "Max Connections"
          }
        ],
        "yaxes": [{"label": "Connections"}]
      },
      {
        "id": 2,
        "title": "Database Query Performance",
        "type": "graph",
        "gridPos": {"h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 12, "y": 0},
        "targets": [
          {
            "expr": "rate(pg_stat_statements_total_time_ms[5m])",
            "legendFormat": "Total Query Time"
          },
          {
            "expr": "rate(pg_stat_statements_calls[5m])",
            "legendFormat": "Query Calls"
          }
        ],
        "yaxes": [{"label": "Rate"}]
      },
      {
        "id": 3,
        "title": "Database Transactions",
        "type": "graph",
        "gridPos": {"h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 0, "y": 8},
        "targets": [
          {
            "expr": "rate(pg_stat_database_xact_commit[5m])",
            "legendFormat": "Commits"
          },
          {
            "expr": "rate(pg_stat_database_xact_rollback[5m])",
            "legendFormat": "Rollbacks"
          }
        ],
        "yaxes": [{"label": "Transactions/sec"}]
      },
      {
        "id": 4,
        "title": "Database Locks",
        "type": "graph",
        "gridPos": {"h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 12, "y": 8},
        "targets": [
          {
            "expr": "pg_locks_count",
            "legendFormat": "Active Locks"
          },
          {
            "expr": "rate(pg_stat_database_deadlocks[5m])",
            "legendFormat": "Deadlocks/sec"
          }
        ],
        "yaxes": [{"label": "Count"}]
      },
      {
        "id": 5,
        "title": "Database Cache Hit Rate",
        "type": "graph",
        "gridPos": {"h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 0, "y": 16},
        "targets": [
          {
            "expr": "rate(pg_stat_database_blks_hit[5m]) / (rate(pg_stat_database_blks_hit[5m]) + rate(pg_stat_database_blks_read[5m])) * 100",
            "legendFormat": "Cache Hit Rate %"
          }
        ],
        "yaxes": [{"label": "Hit Rate %"}]
      },
      {
        "id": 6,
        "title": "Database Size",
        "type": "graph",
        "gridPos": {"h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 12, "y": 16},
        "targets": [
          {
            "expr": "pg_database_size_bytes",
            "legendFormat": "Database Size"
          }
        ],
        "yaxes": [{"label": "Bytes"}]
      },
      {
        "id": 7,
        "title": "Table Access Statistics",
        "type": "table",
        "gridPos": {"h": 8, "w": 24, "x": 0, "y": 24},
        "targets": [
          {
            "expr": "pg_stat_user_tables",
            "format": "table",
            "legendFormat": "{{relname}}"
          }
        ],
        "fieldConfig": {
          "defaults": {
            "custom": {
              "align": "auto",
              "displayMode": "auto"
            }
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "id": 8,
        "title": "Database Replication Lag",
        "type": "graph",
        "gridPos": {"h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 0, "y": 32},
        "targets": [
          {
            "expr": "pg_stat_replication replication_lag",
            "legendFormat": "Replication Lag"
          }
        ],
        "yaxes": [{"label": "Seconds"}]
      },
      {
        "id": 9,
        "title": "Database Uptime",
        "type": "stat",
        "gridPos": {"h": 4, "w": 6, "x": 12, "y": 32},
        "targets": [
          {
            "expr": "pg_postmaster_start_time_seconds",
            "legendFormat": "Uptime"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "time": {
      "from": "now-1h",
      "to": "now"
    },
    "refresh": "30s"
  }
}